A Step-by-Step Guide to Requesting IRS Penalty Abatement

Facing a penalty from the IRS can be stressful and costly. Fortunately, the IRS offers a way to reduce or remove penalties through a process called penalty abatement. If you believe you have a valid reason for missing a deadline or making an error on your taxes, you can request relief. This guide explains how to request penalty abatement, what qualifies you, and how to improve your chances of success.

IRS building entrance with American flag waving

What Is IRS Penalty Abatement?

Penalty abatement is the IRS’s way of forgiving penalties that taxpayers owe for late filing, late payment, or other tax-related mistakes. It does not erase the tax debt itself but can reduce or eliminate the extra fees charged for noncompliance. The IRS may grant abatement if you have a reasonable cause for your mistake or if you qualify for a first-time penalty waiver.

Common Reasons to Request Penalty Abatement

The IRS considers several reasons valid for penalty abatement. These include:

• Serious illness or medical emergencies that prevented timely filing or payment

• Natural disasters such as hurricanes, floods, or fires affecting your ability to comply

• Death or serious illness of a close family member

• Incorrect advice from a tax professional or IRS employee

• First-time penalty abatement if you have a clean compliance history for the past three years

  
  

It is important to provide clear evidence supporting your reason when you request abatement.

How to Prepare Your Penalty Abatement Request

Before submitting your request, gather all necessary documents and information:

• IRS notices or penalty letters you received

• Proof of your reasonable cause, such as medical records, insurance claims, or disaster declarations

• Copies of your tax returns and payment records

• A written explanation describing why you missed the deadline or made the error

  
  

Organizing your documents will make your request clearer and easier for the IRS to review.

Steps to Request Penalty Abatement

Follow these steps to submit a penalty abatement request:

1. Review your IRS notice carefully to understand the penalty type and amount.

   • Mail your letter and documents to the address on the IRS notice.

   • Call the IRS penalty line at the number provided on your notice to request abatement verbally.

2. Check if you qualify for first-time penalty abatement by verifying your compliance history.

3. Write a detailed letter explaining your reason for the penalty and why you believe it should be removed. Include supporting documents.

4. Submit your request by mail or phone:

5. Keep copies of all correspondence and records of phone calls.

6. Follow up if you do not receive a response within 30 days.

   
   

Tips to Improve Your Chances of Approval

• Be honest and specific about your situation.

• Provide clear and relevant evidence.

• Show that you acted in good faith and took steps to correct the issue.

• If you qualify for first-time abatement, mention it explicitly.

• Avoid vague statements like “I forgot” without explanation.

  
  

What Happens After You Request Abatement?

The IRS will review your request and notify you of their decision. If approved, they will remove or reduce the penalty amount. If denied, you can appeal the decision or seek help from a tax professional. Keep in mind that interest on unpaid taxes usually continues to accrue even if penalties are abated.

When to Seek Professional Help

If your case is complex or involves large penalties, consider consulting a tax professional. They can help you prepare a stronger request, communicate with the IRS, and explore other options like installment agreements or offers in compromise.